Prior Application of 10% Potassium Nitrate to Reduce Postbleaching Sensitivity: A Randomized Triple-Blind Clinical Trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if the topical application of 10% potassium nitrate applied before in-office bleaching is effective to reduce the risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity (TS), as well as to evaluate if its application can jeopardize color change. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A randomized, split-mouth triple-blind clinical trial was conducted on 43 young patients with incisors A2 or darker. Half of the patient's upper arch received either the application of a 10% potassium nitrate or placebo gel for 10 min in a university setting. In-office bleaching was performed in three 15-min applications in two clinical sessions (1-week interval) using 35% hydrogen peroxide. Risk and intensity of TS was recorded with a 0-4 Numeric Rating Scale and a 0-10 Visual Analogue Scale during bleaching, 1 hour, 24 hours, and 48 hours after bleaching. Color was evaluated before and 1 month after bleaching with shade guides (Vita Classical and Vita Bleachedguide) and a spectrophotometer. The risk of TS (McNemar's test) and intensity of TS (Wilcoxon signed-rank for Numeric Rating Scale and paired t-test for Visual Analogue Scale) were statistically evaluated. Color change was compared using paired t-test. Significant level was set at 5%. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed in the absolute risks of TS between groups (RR = 1.11; 95% CI 0.97 to 1.27; P = .12), which exceeded 87% for both groups. Similarly, no difference in TS intensities was detected (P > .05). Significant whitening was observed with all color measurement instruments with no difference between groups (P > .05). CONCLUSION: The topical application of 10% potassium nitrate, before in-office bleaching, did not reduce the risk and intensity of TS and did not jeopardize color change.

Analgesic efficacy of ketorolac associated with a tramadol/acetaminophen combination after third molar surgery - a randomized, triple-blind clinical trial

Background: This study compared the efficacy of ketorolac alone versus its combination with tramadol/acetaminophen for pain control after mandibular third molar surgery. Material and Methods: A randomized, triple-blind clinical trial was carried out with 52 patients divided into 2 groups: Group K+T+A (1 tablet of Ketorolac 10 mg plus and 1 capsule of Tramadol 37.5 mg/acetaminophen 325 mg) and Group K (1 tablet of Ketorolac 10 mg plus and 1 placebo capsule). The treatments were given 1 h before the surgery and was repeated 4 times per day, for 48 h. The difference in postoperative pain was assessed by 4 primary end-points: pain intensity (VAS 100mm, for 48 h), rescue medication, overall assessment and adverse effects. Results: Significant differences in pain intensity were observed in the different times (p < 0.05). The comparison of groups in each time showed significant differences only of 9 h, with lower level of pain intensity for group K+T+A (p = 0.005). The need of analgesics was higher in Group K (p < 0.001), the need of antiemetic were greater in Group K+T+A (p < 0.0001). No significant difference between groups were observed in overall assessment. The adverse effects was higher in Group K+T+A. Conclusions: The current study showed that both ketorolac and the combination of ketorolac plus tramadol/acetaminophen showed good control of pain after the extraction of the lower third molars. Although the combination group showed lower pain at 9 h, the difference is small and not clinically relevant

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Desconfortos associados às cirurgias de extração dentária e construção de instrumento de medida (QCirDental). Parte I: impactos e consistência interna / Discomfort associated with dental extraction surgery and development of a questionnaire (QCirDental). Part I: Impacts and internal consistency

Resumo O estudo objetivou criar um instrumento de medida que pudesse quantificar os desconfortos associados ao procedimento cirúrgico de pacientes submetidos a cirurgias dento-alveolares (QCirDental). O instrumento QCirDental foi desenvolvido em duas etapas iniciais: (1) geração e seleção das perguntas ou itens e, (2) teste do instrumento com avaliação das propriedades de medida (consistência interna e responsividade). A amostra foi composta por 123 pacientes. Nenhum deles apresentou qualquer dificuldade em entender o QCirDental. O instrumento mostrou excelente consistência interna com coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,83. A análise de componentes principais (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy 0,72 e Bartlett's Test of Sphericity com p < 0,001) mostrou seis (6) dimensões do instrumento que explicam 67,5% da variância. O QCirDental possui excelente consistência interna, sendo um instrumento de fácil leitura e interpretação compatível com uma adequada validade semântica e de conteúdo. Mais de 80% dos pacientes submetidos a extrações dentárias de rotina odontológica apresentam algum desconforto ou incomodo no período transoperatório o que ressalta a necessidade de utilização de um instrumento para avaliação de cuidados.

Abstract The scope of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire (QCirDental) to measure the impacts associated with dental extraction surgery. The QCirDental questionnaire was developed in two steps; (1) question and item generation and selection, and (2) pretest of the questionnaire with evaluation of the its measurement properties (internal consistency and responsiveness). The sample was composed of 123 patients. None of the patients had any difficulty in understanding the QCirDental. The instrument was found to have excellent internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of 0.83. The principal component analysis (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy 0,72 and Bartlett's Test of Sphericity with p < 0.001) showed six (6) dimensions explaining 67.5% of the variance. The QCirDental presented excellent internal consistency, being a questionnaire that is easy to read and understand with adequate semantic and content validity. More than 80% of the patients who underwent dental extraction reported some degree of discomfort within the perioperative period which highlights the necessity to assess the quality of care and impacts of dental extraction surgery.

[Discomfort associated with dental extraction surgery and development of a questionnaire (QCirDental). Part I: Impacts and internal consistency]. / Desconfortos associados às cirurgias de extração dentária e construção de instrumento de medida (QCirDental). Parte I: impactos e consistência interna.

The scope of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire (QCirDental) to measure the impacts associated with dental extraction surgery. The QCirDental questionnaire was developed in two steps; (1) question and item generation and selection, and (2) pretest of the questionnaire with evaluation of the its measurement properties (internal consistency and responsiveness). The sample was composed of 123 patients. None of the patients had any difficulty in understanding the QCirDental. The instrument was found to have excellent internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of 0.83. The principal component analysis (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy 0,72 and Bartlett's Test of Sphericity with p < 0.001) showed six (6) dimensions explaining 67.5% of the variance. The QCirDental presented excellent internal consistency, being a questionnaire that is easy to read and understand with adequate semantic and content validity. More than 80% of the patients who underwent dental extraction reported some degree of discomfort within the perioperative period which highlights the necessity to assess the quality of care and impacts of dental extraction surgery.

O estudo objetivou criar um instrumento de medida que pudesse quantificar os desconfortos associados ao procedimento cirúrgico de pacientes submetidos a cirurgias dento-alveolares (QCirDental). O instrumento QCirDental foi desenvolvido em duas etapas iniciais: (1) geração e seleção das perguntas ou itens e, (2) teste do instrumento com avaliação das propriedades de medida (consistência interna e responsividade). A amostra foi composta por 123 pacientes. Nenhum deles apresentou qualquer dificuldade em entender o QCirDental. O instrumento mostrou excelente consistência interna com coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,83. A análise de componentes principais (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy 0,72 e Bartlett's Test of Sphericity com p < 0,001) mostrou seis (6) dimensões do instrumento que explicam 67,5% da variância. O QCirDental possui excelente consistência interna, sendo um instrumento de fácil leitura e interpretação compatível com uma adequada validade semântica e de conteúdo. Mais de 80% dos pacientes submetidos a extrações dentárias de rotina odontológica apresentam algum desconforto ou incomodo no período transoperatório o que ressalta a necessidade de utilização de um instrumento para avaliação de cuidados.

O impacto da extensão universitária sobre a formação acadêmica em Odontologia / The impact of university extension on academic training in Dentistry / El impacto de la extensión universitaria sobre la formación en Odontología

Com objetivo de avaliar a contribuição da extensão universitária na formação e história de vida de estudantes de Odontologia, realizou-se um estudo qualitativo, de caráter descritivo-exploratório, utilizando a técnica do grupo focal. O material foi analisado com a técnica de análise do discurso do sujeito coletivo. Os resultados referiram-se ao impacto exercido pela vivência acadêmica em atividades extensionistas nos campos pessoal, profissional e da cidadania. As percepções dos sujeitos revelaram a oportunidade de desenvolvimento e aprimoramento de suas habilidades profissionais, por meio do reconhecimento de distintas realidades de vida, da ruptura do modelo tradicional de ensino e do profícuo relacionamento entre acadêmico, universidade e sociedade. Foram relatados sentimentos de satisfação, realização pessoal, reconhecimento, e de ser um cidadão ativo e crítico. Conclui-se ser a experiência no campo da extensão um importante agente para o processo individual e coletivo de formação acadêmica.

This qualitative study of descriptive and exploratory nature was conducted with the aim of evaluating the contribution of university extension towards the training and life histories of dentistry students, using the focus group technique. The material was assessed using the collective subject discourse analysis technique. The results showed the impact exerted by academic experience, in extension activities within the personal, professional and active citizenship spheres. The subjects' perceptions revealed an opportunity to develop and improve their professional skills, through recognition of distinct realities of life, through breaking away from the traditional model of teaching and through fruitful relationships between students, university and society. Feelings of satisfaction, personal fulfillment, recognition and being an active and critical citizen were reported. It was concluded that experience within the field of extension is an important agent for the individual and collective process of academic training.

Se realizó un estudio cualitativo de carácter descriptivo-exploratorio para evaluar la contribución de la extensión universitaria en la formación e historia de vida de los estudiantes de Odontología. Para la recolección de datos fue utilizado el grupo focal y el material fue analizado por medio de la técnica de análisis del discurso del sujeto colectivo. Los resultados se refirieron al impacto ejercido por la vivencia académica en actividades de extensión en los campos personal, profesional y de ciudadanía. Las percepciones de los sujetos revelaron la oportunidad de desarrollo y perfeccionamiento de sus habilidades profesionales, por medio de reconocimiento de distintas realidades de vida, de la ruptura del modelo tradicional de enseñanza y de la provechosa relación entre el sector académico, la universidad y la sociedad. Fueron relatados los sentimientos de satisfacción, realización personal, reconocimiento y de ser un ciudadano activo y critico. Se concluyó que la experiencia en el campo de extensión es un importante agente para el proceso de formación académica individual y colectiva.

Avaliação da qualidade de vida de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia ortognática / Evaluation of the quality of life in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery

objetivo: avaliar o grau de satisfação dos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia ortognática, atendidos pelo Serviço de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Facial de Ponta Grossa, Paraná. Metodologia: Um questionário foi aplicado a 15 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia ortognática. o questionário constava de 20 perguntas sobre o estado de vida antes e depois do procedimento cirúrgico, formuladas para respostas rápidas e com possibilidade de incluir opinião pessoal. Por não se tratar de análise estatística, os dados dos pacientes entrevistados foram lançados no programa Microsoft Excel® e realizados conforme análise qualitativa para serem explanados. Resultados: observou-se uma melhora significativa na autoimagem e autoestima. Conclusão: a grande maioria dos pacientes buscou a cirurgia ortognática por indicação de outros profissionais como seus ortodontistas. o apoio psicológico familiar foi relevante na recuperação dos pacientes. após a cirurgia, os pacientes observaram grandes mudanças nas suas características faciais e também autoestima; Muitos dos problemas estéticos e funcionais que os pacientes relatam antes da cirurgia são sanados após a sua realização; É de suma importância o entrosamento entre os profissionais envolvidos com o tratamento a fim de se obter sucesso. o sucesso se deve, também, ao entendimento por parte do paciente e de seus familiares sobre os passos do tratamento.

Goal: To evaluate the degree of satisfaction degree of patients submitted to orthognatic surgery, attended at the MaxiloFacial Surgery Unit in Ponta Grossa, Paraná. Methodology: a questionnaire was applied to 15 patients submitted to orthognatic surgery. The questionnaire consisted of 20 questions on lifestyle before and after the surgical procedure, and was designed to produce quick answers, with the chance of including personal opinions. as this was not a statistical analysis the patient data from the interviews were launched in Microsoft Excel and submitted to a qualitative analysis. Results: a significant improvement was observed in self-image and self-esteem. Conclusion: The vast majority of the patients decided to undergo orthognatic surgery on the recommendation of other professionals, such as their orthodontist; the family's psychological support was important in the patients' recovery; following surgery the patients noticed major changes in their facial characteristics and also in their self-esteem; many of the aesthetic and functional problems reported by the patients prior to surgery are resolved as a result of the procedure; liaison between the professionals involved in treatment is of crucial importance in achieving success; and success is also due to an understanding of the stages of the treatment on the part of the patient and his or her family.